|
Gerard of Abbeville (died 1272) was a theologian at the University of Paris, from 1257. He is known as an opponent of the mendicant orders,〔Lesley M. Smith and Benedicta Ward (editors), ''Intellectual Life in the Middle Ages: Essays Presented to Margaret Gibson'' (1992), p. 208.〕 taking part in a concerted attack that temporarily affected their privileges.〔James Henderson Burns, ''The Cambridge History of Medieval Political Thought c. 350-c. 1450'' (1988), p. 635.〕 His ''Contra adversarium perfectionis christianae'' of c. 1269, in support of William of St Amour, argued that extreme emphasis on poverty contradicted the Aristotelian doctrine of the mean,〔Virpi Mäkinen, ''Property Rights in the Late Medieval Discussion on Franciscan Poverty'' (2001),p. 41.〕 and undermined the basis of pastoral work.〔(Gilleeds )〕 It provoked replies from Thomas Aquinas and Bonaventure.〔David Knowles, ''The Religious Orders in England'' I (1979 edition), p. 221.〕 From the Franciscan side, Bonaventure wrote ''Apologia pauperum'', and John Peckham his ''Tractatus pauperis''.〔(History of the Franciscan Movement (2) )〕 The Dominican Aquinas wrote his case on the "state of perfection" in ''De Perfectione Vitae Spiritualis contra Doctrinam Retrahentium a Religione'' (1270).〔(History of Medieval Philosophy 272 )〕 On trinitarian theology, however, Gerard was much closer to the emerging Franciscan view.〔Russell L. Friedman, ''Trinitarian Texts from the Franciscan Trinitarian Tradition, ca. 1265-85'', in ''Cahiers de L'Institut Du Moyen-Âge Grec Et Latin'', Volume 73 (2006), p. 22.〕 With Aquinas, he was one of the developers of the ''quodlibet'' genre of open philosophical discussion, flourishing for about a century from his time.〔André Vauchez, Richard Barrie Dobson, Michael Lapidge, ''Encyclopedia of the Middle Ages'' (2001 translation), p. 1207.〕 His polemics used a combination of quodlibets and sermons.〔Simon Tugwell, ''Albert & Thomas: Selected Writings'' (1988), p. 229.〕 He was a major benefactor of the Sorbonne library, leaving it around 300 books and manuscripts;〔Cornelius O'Boyle, ''The Art of Medicine: Medical Teaching at the University of Paris, 1250-1400'' (1998), p. 161.〕 his collection was based on that of Richard de Fournival, outstanding in Europe of his time.〔Jeremiah Hackett, ''Roger Bacon and the Sciences: Commemorative Essays'' (1997), p. 16.〕 ==Notes== 〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Gerard of Abbeville」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|